Essay about Mid-Term Managerial Accounting - 2206 Words

Managerial Accounting Mid-Term 1.) a.) Snack-Foods division president may want to play the end-of-year games because there may be a bonus for the division president if they get certain earnings for the year. Not only a bonus for the division president; but there may be a bonus for the division itself. With that being said he could use that for the other employees to help participate in the year-end games. If corporate has seen them fallen behind, then these year-end games maybe able to apply to job security or even promotions. b.) Each year-end games †¢ Acceptable- If they plan to have it maintained until January of the following year there would be no work shown and they would not need to put a transaction regarding the†¦show more content†¦Units Materials Conversion Units to be accounted for: Beginning Inventory 400 360 160 Units Started into production 13,000 Units to Account for 13, 400 Beginning, WIP Completed 400 40 240 Started and Completed 12,900 12,900 12,900 Units Completed 13,330 Ending Inventory 100 50% 30% Units to Account For 13,400 Equivalent Units 13,350 13,330 Cost Data: Units Materials Conversion Beginning, WIP costs $5,204 $756 $4,448 Current Period Cost 392,076 29,949 362,127 Total Cost $397,280 $30,705 $366,575 Equivalent Units of Production 13,350 13,330 Cost per Equivalent Unit, a/b= $29.80 $2.30 $27.50 Cost Assignment: Transferred Out 396,340.00 Ending Inventory: Materials 115.00 Conversion 825.00 Total Cost to Account For 397,280.00 4.) a.) Discretionary fixed costs may be altered in the short-term by current managerial decisions; an example can be advertising, training or even development in which a company can always alter these decisions and bring it back later. Committed fixed costs differ due to it being long term and it cannot be reduced in the short-term; such examples are depreciation on buildingsShow MoreRelatedmanagerial accounting mid-term practice solution1733 Words   |  7 Pagessales, net operating income will tend to increase more rapidly in a company with high fixed costs and low variable costs than in a company with high variable costs and low fixed costs. T 16. All of the following costs would be found in a companys accounting records except: sunk cost. opportunity cost. indirect costs. direct costs. 17. Which of the following would most likely be included as part of manufacturing overhead in the production of a wooden table? 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A concept ROI analysis may have little interest in the performance evaluation of middle managers in situationsRead MoreCurrent Status of Hybrid Managers1241 Words   |  5 Pagessystems is losing its importance† (Kakabadse amp; Norac-Kakabase, 2000). A paper by Anne Brackley in 1996 citing Colin Parker of the BCS in 1990 states that â€Å"The (hybrid manager) term was coined by Michael Earl, Director of OXIIM at Templeton College, Oxford†. David Skyrme (1989-1992) disputes the origin of the term but does confirm that Earl did offer the best definition of a Hybrid manager as â€Å"A person wit h strong technical skills and adequate business knowledge or vice versa .... hybrids areRead MoreCost Centre Of Sales Branches1689 Words   |  7 Pagesencourage managers to cut costs and as a result, this will be damaging the company’s long-term benefits. Furthermore, the sales branches at the company were discretionary cost centres, imposing an inappropriate input or cost relationship was likely to result in difficulties for performance measures. 2. Introduction The central focuses of this report include the Thoja’s management accounting system and its organisational structure. The information used to evaluate the two budgetingRead MoreBusiness Organization, Atlantic, Pacific Management1513 Words   |  7 Pagesbottom-up management philosophy; their unique management philosophy prepares them for greater profitability in the future. â€Å"Since the mid 1970’s, [APM] has purchased, developed, leased and managed residential and commercial properties throughout the United States. [As a] fourth-generation family-operated firm[, they] have built a foundation of quality property management, long-term asset investment and asset management services.† (www.apmanagement.net) Today their modern footprint is as a third-party on-site

Economics Effects of Monopoly.Docx Uploaded Successfully Free Essays

Economics effects of monopoly. In pure monopoly, a monopolist will charge a higher price compared to the firms in purely competitive industry. They also sell a smaller level of output than the firms that involve in pure competition. We will write a custom essay sample on Economics Effects of Monopoly.Docx Uploaded Successfully or any similar topic only for you Order Now Compared to pure competition, monopoly is inefficient in both productive and allocative efficiency. In purely competitive industry, the entry and exit of the firms will ensure that the P = MC + min. ATC. However, for pure monopoly industry there is no entry and exit of firms as it is conquer by only one party. The marginal revenue (MR) curve lies below the demand and the produces output where MR = MC, so, the price exceeds the marginal costs (MC) and also exceeds the lowest average total cost (ATC). Pure Competition Pure Monopoly Price Price Quantity Quantity Pc D D Qc S = MC Pc MC Qc MR Qm Pm P = MC = min. ATC MR = MC Figure [ 1 ]: Comparison of pure competition and pure monopoly. Looking at the chosen firm which is TNB, as In pure monopoly, there is an efficiency loss which is called dead weight loss (also known as excess burden and allocative efficiency). This situation occurs because the sum of consumer surplus + producer surplus is less than the maximum. In other words, this situation occurs either because of the people who have more marginal benefit than marginal cost are not buying the product, or those who have more marginal cost than marginal benefit are buying the product. Income transfer Monopoly wills increases income inequality because the profits are not equally distributed. Monopoly will cause the transfer of income from consumers to the stockholders who own monopoly. This can be seen through levy of â€Å"private tax† on consumers. The owners will gain benefit at the expense of consumers. Cost complications In pure monopoly, the costs may vary because of four factors: 1. Economies of scale According to www. bized. co. uk , economies of scale is the advantages of large scale production that result in lower unit (average) costs (cost per unit). Some firms reach large economies of scale because of specialized input, the spreading of product developing costs, simultaneous consumption and network effects. Simultaneous consumption is the ability of product to satisfy a big numbers of consumers at the same time and network effects are increase of value of product to each consumer. 2. X-Inefficiency X-Ineffiency is when the firms produce level of output that is higher than the lowest ATC. X-Inefficiency occurs due to poor management decisions, principal agent problem, poor worker motivation or ineffective supervision as the results of reliance on â€Å"rules of thumb† instead of real costs or revenue decision. Figure [ 2 ]: X-Inefficiency 3. Rent seeking expenditures How to cite Economics Effects of Monopoly.Docx Uploaded Successfully, Essay examples

Homeless Research Essay Example For Students

Homeless Research Essay The American dream is hard to find. In most cases, the dream includes a home. For many Americans who financially struggling to feed themselves, having a roof over their head is nearly an impossible task. As our government has progressed in the twentieth century, aid has been given to homeless families in the form of basic housing. Low income or subsidized housing has grown immensely I the past few years. The debate is whether subsidized housing is a free home or a free ride. The subsidized housing program should be used as assistance and not a crutch. Many say that you make out of life what you put into it. Homelessness to certain individuals is brought on by the homeless individuals actions so they feel that they shouldnt receive any help from the government. Many believe that subsidized housing is positive ground for families to get into a home and stabilize their financial situation (Gramer). The worry on a lot of minds is the amount of money being handed out to the subsidized housing programs (Husock). The money could be used for other programs such as Medicare or social security (Shinn). The housing programs might be costly but can help families from living on the streets. 1.3 million tenants are currently living in subsidized housing while 2.7 million are living in public housing where the landlord receives incentives from the government (Husock). These millions of tenants are costing working taxpayers because the money running the government assisted programs comes out of tax dollars. Alternatives and remedies need to be thought out. Often, families are moving into subsidized housing to better the home they were living in (Husock). Section 8 vouchers allow individuals to choose the area they want to live in. The great idea about Section 8 vouchers is the tenant pays thirty percent of the rent. In MaryBeth Shinns article, she quotes a researcher that says, That as long as the number of families living in intolerable conditions exceeds the capacity of the shelter system, increases in shelter capacity will lead to increases in the size of the shelter (Shinn). Shinns article goes on further by saying that families often have to choose between housing that is structurally adequate and housing that is affordable. Howard Husock came up with a great idea for solving the problem with subsidized housing and tenants that use the program too long. His idea is to have time limits on the amount of time that tenants can stay in public housing or use public housing vouchers. Husock states, It (Time limits) would allow housing subsidies to be directed to those in most immediate need rather than simply going to persons already in the system. In his article, startling facts and figures are given about the length of time tenants stay in assisted living. More than twenty-five percent of families have lived in their subsidized apartment for more than ten years. Forty-seven percent have lived in their apartment for more than five years (Weitzman). Imposing time limits would not allow the extended lengths of time that are currently given. Congressman Rick Lazio is proposing that tenants sign a form in which a date would be given as to their leaving of public housing. This signature would be an initiative for tenants to move fast on leaving subsidized housing and starting to save for a new place to live (Husock). Possibly, maybe the government removal of programs would be better for subsidized housing. If the government gave better tax breaks to landlords who provided lower cost housing then the need for shelters and projects should be decreased by a large percentage (Shinn State or Trait). Within the last fifteen years, Home and Urban Development (HUD) has finally allowed tax shelters to landlords (The New Look). .u6e68fe1f7610887b64911b0afb718450 , .u6e68fe1f7610887b64911b0afb718450 .postImageUrl , .u6e68fe1f7610887b64911b0afb718450 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u6e68fe1f7610887b64911b0afb718450 , .u6e68fe1f7610887b64911b0afb718450:hover , .u6e68fe1f7610887b64911b0afb718450:visited , .u6e68fe1f7610887b64911b0afb718450:active { border:0!important; } .u6e68fe1f7610887b64911b0afb718450 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u6e68fe1f7610887b64911b0afb718450 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u6e68fe1f7610887b64911b0afb718450:active , .u6e68fe1f7610887b64911b0afb718450:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u6e68fe1f7610887b64911b0afb718450 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u6e68fe1f7610887b64911b0afb718450 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u6e68fe1f7610887b64911b0afb718450 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u6e68fe1f7610887b64911b0afb718450 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u6e68fe1f7610887b64911b0afb718450:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u6e68fe1f7610887b64911b0afb718450 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u6e68fe1f7610887b64911b0afb718450 .u6e68fe1f7610887b64911b0afb718450-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u6e68fe1f7610887b64911b0afb718450:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Hollywood On Trial Essay The tax breaks come to investors who have low-income apartments or homes for a minimum of twenty years. After the twenty years, the owner of the property can sell the units at a higher market price (The New Look). Housing for Americans need to become more affordable. The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development believes that families should spend no more than thirty percent on housing (Weitzman). Studies have shown that there .

SendinBlue Review - Is This the Right Email Marketing Service for You

If email marketing is a crucial component for your business as it should then you might be in the market for a top-of-the-line email marketing service. In this SendinBlue review, we show you what you can expect from SendinBlue and help you decide if it is the right pick for you.What comes is an in-depth look at what SendinBlue has to offer, what the features are, how much it costs, how it compares to the competition, and who should get it. We speak from experience, as SendinBlue has been our main email marketing tool for a couple of years now. SendinBlue is an all-in-one email marketing service thats capable of taking care of the entirety of your email marketing needs.Or, to put it more bluntly, its a cheaper Mailchimp alternative that, surprisingly, also has more features. Speaking of which:âš™ï ¸  SendinBlue featuresLets kick this SendinBlue review off by looking at the key modules offered by this tool:âÅ"‰ï ¸  email marketing campaigns and broadcasts🠤â€" email ma rketing automation🠤  transactional email and SMS🠐 ¦ social media marketingLets start with the first module, the thing youre probably interested in the most sending out email marketing campaigns / broadcasts.SendinBlue offers all that youd expect here   you can create an email blast and send it to your list of contacts. Theres an easy-to-use visual interface / email builder that makes creating your messages a lot more straightforward.It works with drag and drop and has some ready-made blocks for all the most common types of content that people send via email. The result is also fully mobile compatible.Plus, if youre feeling confident, you can import your email template in raw HTML form. I wont be doing that in this SendinBlue review, though.On the other end, to speed things up, theres also a whole template library divided into a handful of categories. All those emails look quite nice out the box, making them a great base to build upon and customize further.As you would expect, theres also a whole separate section for contact management. You can group your contacts into lists, segment those lists, edit single contacts, see stats on how engaged someone is with your newsletters, etc.Next, in come the email automation features. This is a serious benefit since automation is not a standard capability among the other tools in the market.Basically, SendinBlue allows you to set specific triggers and email messages that will be sent when those triggers go off.Some of the things you can do with this:Someone visited a given page on your website → send them an email and show them more info on the topic.Someone abandoned their shopping cart → send an email.Someone has just subscribed → send them a whole welcome sequence of emails.It is someones birthday → send.Someone clicked on a specific link on your site → send!The possibilities really are endless and weve only just scratched the surface in this SendinBlue review. Best of a ll, its not only one-off actions that you can trigger. In fact, you can design whole sequences of automation. Example:Moreover, you can choose from a range of pre-made sequences:Last but not least, SendinBlue offers some  social media marketing capabilities as well. This is a new addition to SendinBlue, but they are going in strong with an excellent module for creating Facebook ads.Overall, SendinBlue really does offer the whole package. Theres a nice email design tool, excellent reports, advanced features such as A/B testing, good contact management, and so on. Theres literally nothing thats missing compared to the other big players in this market like GetResponse or AWeber.Now, heres the best part:💠° PriceThis is probably the section of our SendinBlue review that youre the most interested in. Here are the prices and the numbers of emails you can send on each plan:First off, as you can see, SendinBlue charges per email sent and not per the size of your contact list.In othe r words, no matter if your list is 100 people or 1,000,000, SendinBlue doesnt charge you extra for that.Another important point; theres a free plan! The cap of 300 emails / day translates to 9,000 / month. (Email automation up to 2,000 contacts.)🠤” Reasonably, if youre just starting out and your list is between 100 and 500 people then this free plan might be all you need.(If you want to send SMS, those are more of a pay-as-you-go deal. For example, sending 100 SMS in the US is $1.34. Sending 200 is $2.68, and so on. Sending to other countries has different rates.)👠 Ease of useThe user interface at SendinBlue is easy to grasp and lets you identify all the key areas of the tool pretty quickly. You get the main menu at the top directing you to your campaigns, automation, transactional email, and contact management.You can switch to your emails, templates, SMS, Facebook ads, statistics and settings from the sidebar menu. To create a new campaign, just click the big green button in the center.SendinBlue will take you step by step from there and help you create a campaign. First, you get to set the main details such as the campaign name and the subject line of the email.The next step is all about the design of the email. This is where you get to use the aforementioned email design tool. Here it is again:Lastly, you can set the recipients of the email, double check if everything is correct (best to send a test email to yourself), and finally hit the main send button.Overall, nothing confusing there.You can see the status of your campaign when you come back to the dashboard.👊 SendinBlue vs the competitionSince SendinBlue is one of the few companies in the market that charge per email sent, comparing their prices to the competitions head-on proves troublesome. However, for the purpose of this SendinBlue review, lets assume the following:If youre going to be sending 1.5 emails per week to your contacts then heres how much SendinBlue will cost com pared to the others:# of contactsSendinBlueMailChimpConvertKitGetResponseup to 100 contacts$0$0$24$15500$0$0$24$151,000$0$0$24$151,500$0$0$41$252,000$25$0$41$252,500$25$30$41$255,000$25$50$64$4510,000$39$75$99$6550,000$173$240$316$250As you can see, SendinBlue is generally cheaper if youre just starting out only Mailchimp comes close and then a lot cheaper once your list starts growing past 5,000 contacts.🠏 Ã‚  Final verdict in this SendinBlue reviewEmail marketing is a key component for many an online business, and theres a very good reason for this! Even in the age of social media, theres still no better way to contact people directly than via email and especially if its for any sort of business purpose.With that, wed all prefer to minimize any additional operating costs, which allows us to keep a bigger slice of the revenue pie. SendinBlue is a great solution that can help you achieve that, as weve shown in this SendinBlue review.Thanks to the free plan, you can test the tool out with no investment, and see if you like it for yourself. Then, if need be, you can upgrade to a paid plan and get some additional perks + more send volume.Feature-wise, SendinBlue doesnt lack anything, so it really is a tool your business can grow with. Same for the UI and ease of use. And Im not just saying so. In fact, we use SendinBlue as our main email tool here at ThemeIsle. We migrated from Mailchimp a couple of years ago, and we really couldnt be happier!👉 Go to SendinBlue hereP.S. If you want to see SendinBlue in action, feel free to subscribe to our free email course it is powered by SendinBlue:Free guide5 Essential Tips to Speed Up Your WordPress SiteReduce your loading time by even 50-80% just by following simple tips. * This post contains affiliate links, which means that if you click on one of the product links and then purchase the product, well receive a small fee. No worries though, youll still pay the standard amount so theres no cost on your par t.SendinBlue $0 9.8 Ease of use 9.0/10 Functionality 10.0/10 Designs and templates 10.0/10 Price rating 10.0/10 Go to SendinBlue {"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Product","name":"SendinBlue","image":"https:\/\/mllj2j8xvfl0.i.optimole.com\/w:auto\/h:auto\/q:auto\/https:\/\/s15165.pcdn.co\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/SendinBlue-1-150x150.png","description":"If email marketing is a crucial component for your business - as it should - then you might be in the market for a top-of-the-line email marketing service. In this SendinBlue review, we show you what you can expect from SendinBlue and help you decide if it is the right pick for you. What is...","offers":{"@type":"Offer","price":"0.00","priceCurrency":"USD","seller":{"@type":"Person","name":"Karol K"}},"review":{"@type":"Review","reviewRating":{"@type":"Rating","bestRating":"10","worstRating":"0","ratingValue":"9.75"},"name":"SendinBlue","reviewBody":"If email marketing is a crucial component for your busines s - as it should - then you might be in the market for a top-of-the-line email marketing service. In this SendinBlue review, we show you what you can expect from SendinBlue and help you decide if it is the right pick for you.\r\n\r\n\r\nWhat is SendinBlue?\r\n\r\n\r\nIn a sentence, SendinBlue is an all-in-one email marketing service that's capable of taking care of the entirety of your email marketing needs.\r\n\r\nOr, to put it more bluntly, it's a cheaper Mailchimp alternative that, surprisingly, also has more features. Speaking of which:\r\n\r\n\u2699\ufe0f SendinBlue features\r\nLet's kick this SendinBlue review off by looking at the key modules offered by this tool:\r\n\r\n \t\u2709\ufe0f email marketing campaigns and broadcasts\r\n \t\ud83e\udd16 email marketing automation\r\n \t\ud83e\udd1d transactional email and SMS\r\n \t\ud83d\udc26 social media marketing\r\n\r\nLet's start with the first module, the thing you're probably interested in the most - sending out email marketi ng campaigns \/ broadcasts.\r\n\r\nSendinBlue offers all that you'd expect here -\u00a0you can create an email blast and send it to your list of contacts. There's an easy-to-use visual interface \/ email builder that makes creating your messages a lot more straightforward.\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nIt works with drag and drop and has some ready-made blocks for all the most common types of content that people send via email. The result is also fully mobile compatible.\r\n\r\nPlus, if you're feeling confident, you can import your email template in raw HTML form. I won't be doing that in this SendinBlue review, though.\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nOn the other end, to speed things up, there's also a whole template library divided into a handful of categories. All those emails look quite nice out the box, making them a great base to build upon and customize further.\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nAs you would expect, there's also a whole separate section for contact management. You can group your contacts into lists, segment t hose lists, edit single contacts, see stats on how engaged someone is with your newsletters, etc.\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nNext, in come the email automation features. This is a serious benefit since automation is not a standard capability among the other tools in the market.\r\n\r\nBasically, SendinBlue allows you to set specific triggers and email messages that will be sent when those triggers go off.\r\n\r\nSome of the things you can do with this:\r\n\r\n \tSomeone visited a given page on your website \u2192 send them an email and show them more info on the topic.\r\n \tSomeone abandoned their shopping cart \u2192 send an email.\r\n \tSomeone has just subscribed \u2192 send them a whole welcome sequence of emails.\r\n \tIt is someone's birthday \u2192 send.\r\n \tSomeone clicked on a specific link on your site \u2192 send!\r\n\r\nThe possibilities really are endless and we've only just scratched the surface in this SendinBlue review. Best of all, it's not only one-off actions that you can trigger. In fact, you can design whole sequences of automation. Example:\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nMoreover, you can choose from a range of pre-made sequences:\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nLast but not least, SendinBlue offers some\u00a0social media marketing capabilities as well. This is a new addition to SendinBlue, but they are going in strong with an excellent module for creating Facebook ads.\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nOverall, SendinBlue really does offer the whole package. There's a nice email design tool, excellent reports, advanced features such as A\/B testing, good contact management, and so on. There's literally nothing that's missing compared to the other big players in this market like GetResponse or AWeber.\r\n\r\nNow, here's the best part:\r\n\r\n\ud83d\udcb0 Price\r\nThis is probably the section of our SendinBlue review that you're the most interested in. Here are the prices and the numbers of emails you can send on each plan:\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nFirst off, as you can see, SendinBlue charges \"per email sen t\" and not per the size of your contact list.\r\n\r\nIn other words, no matter if your list is 100 people or 1,000,000, SendinBlue doesn't charge you extra for that.\r\n\r\nAnother important point; there's a free plan! The cap of 300 emails \/ day translates to 9,000 \/ month. (Email automation up to 2,000 contacts.)\r\n\r\n\ud83e\udd14 Reasonably, if you're just starting out and your list is between 100 and 500 people then this free plan might be all you need.\r\n\r\n(If you want to send SMS, those are more of a pay-as-you-go deal. For example, sending 100 SMS in the US is $1.34. Sending 200 is $2.68, and so on. Sending to other countries has different rates.)\r\n\r\n\ud83d\udc50 Ease of use\r\nThe user interface at SendinBlue is easy to grasp and lets you identify all the key areas of the tool pretty quickly. You get the main menu at the top - directing you to your campaigns, automation, transactional email, and contact management.\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nYou can switch to your emails, te mplates, SMS, Facebook ads, statistics and settings from the sidebar menu. To create a new campaign, just click the big green button in the center.\r\n\r\nSendinBlue will take you step by step from there and help you create a campaign. First, you get to set the main details such as the campaign name and the subject line of the email.\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nThe next step is all about the design of the email. This is where you get to use the aforementioned email design tool. Here it is again:\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nLastly, you can set the recipients of the email, double check if everything is correct (best to send a test email to yourself), and finally hit the main send button.\r\n\r\nOverall, nothing confusing there.\r\n\r\nYou can see the status of your campaign when you come back to the dashboard.\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\ud83d\udc4a SendinBlue vs the competition\r\nSince SendinBlue is one of the few companies in the market that charge \"per email sent,\" comparing their prices to the competition's head-on proves troublesome. However, for the purpose of this SendinBlue review, let's assume the following:\r\n\r\nIf you're going to be sending 1.5 emails per week to your contacts then here's how much SendinBlue will cost compared to the others:\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nAs you can see, SendinBlue is generally cheaper if you're just starting out - only Mailchimp comes close - and then a lot cheaper once your list starts growing past 5,000 contacts.\r\n\r\n\ud83c\udfc1\u00a0Final verdict in this SendinBlue review\r\nEmail marketing is a key component for many an online business, and there's a very good reason for this! Even in the age of social media, there's still no better way to contact people directly than via email - and especially if it's for any sort of business purpose.\r\n\r\nWith that, we'd all prefer to minimize any additional operating costs, which allows us to keep a bigger slice of the revenue pie. SendinBlue is a great solution that can help you achieve that, as we've shown in this Se ndinBlue review.\r\n\r\nThanks to the free plan, you can test the tool out with no investment, and see if you like it for yourself. Then, if need be, you can upgrade to a paid plan and get some additional perks + more send volume.\r\n\r\nFeature-wise, SendinBlue doesn't lack anything, so it really is a tool your business can grow with. Same for the UI and ease of use. And I'm not just saying so. In fact, we use SendinBlue as our main email tool here at ThemeIsle. We migrated from Mailchimp a couple of years ago, and we really couldn't be happier!\r\n\r\n\ud83d\udc49 Go to SendinBlue here\r\n\r\nP.S. If you want to see SendinBlue in action, feel free to subscribe to our free email course - it is powered by SendinBlue:\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n* This post contains affiliate links, which means that if you click on one of the product links and then purchase the product, we'll receive a small fee. No worries though, you'll still pay the standard amount so there's no cost on your part.","author":{" @type":"Person","name":"Karol K"},"datePublished":"2019-02-19"}}

A Biography of Geographer Ellen Churchill Semple

A Biography of Geographer Ellen Churchill Semple Ellen Churchill Semple will long be remembered for her contributions to American geography despite her association with the long-disregarded topic of environmental determinism. Ellen Semple was born in the midst of the Civil War in Louisville, Kentucky on January 8, 1863. Her father was a fairly affluent owner of a hardware store and her mother took care of Ellen and her six (or possibly four) siblings. Ellens mother encouraged the children to read and Ellen was especially enamored with books about history and travel. As a young person, she enjoyed horseback riding and tennis. Semple attended public and private schools in Louisville until she was sixteen when she headed off to college in Poughkeepsie, New York. Semple attended Vassar College where she earned her bachelors degree in history at the age of nineteen. She was the class valedictorian, gave the commencement address, was one of thirty-nine female graduates, and was the youngest graduate in 1882. Following Vassar, Semple returned to Louisville where she taught at the private school operated by her older sister; she also became active in local Louisville society. Neither teaching nor social engagements interested her enough, she desired much more intellectual stimulation. Fortunately, she had a chance to escape her boredom. To Europe In an 1887 trip to London with her mother, Semple met an American man who had just completed a Ph.D. at the University of Leipzig (Germany). The man, Duren Ward, told Semple about a dynamic professor of geography at Leipzig named Friedrich Ratzel. Ward loaned Semple a copy of Ratzels book, Anthropogeographie, which she immersed herself in for months and subsequently decided to study under Ratzel at Leipzig. She returned home to finish work on a masters degree by writing a thesis titled Slavery: A Study in Sociology and by studying sociology, economics, and history. She earned her masters degree in 1891 and rushed to Leipzig to study under Ratzel. She obtained accommodations with a local German family in order to improve her abilities in the German language. In 1891, women were not allowed to be enrolled in German universities although by special permission they could be allowed to attend lectures and seminars. Semple met Ratzel and obtained permission to attend his courses. She had to sit apart from the men in the classroom so in her first class, she sat in the front row alone among 500 men. She remained at the University of Leipzeg through 1892 and then returned again in 1895 for additional study under Ratzel. Since she could not enroll at the university, she never earned a degree from her studies under Ratzel and therefore, never actually obtained an advanced degree in geography. Although she Semple was well-known in the geography circles of Germany, she was relatively unknown in American geography. Upon returning to the United States, she began to research, write, and publish articles and began to gain a name for herself in American geography. Her 1897 article in the Journal of School Geography, The Influence of the Appalachian Barrier upon Colonial History was her first academic publication. In this article, she showed that anthropological research could indeed be studied in the field. Becoming an American Geographer What established Semple as a true geographer was her outstanding field work and research into the people of the Kentucky highlands. For over a year, Semple explored the mountains of her home state and discovered niche communities that had not changed much since they were first settled. The English spoken in some of these communities still carried a British accent. This work was published in 1901 in the article The Anglo-Saxons of the Kentucky Mountains, a Study in Antropogeography in the Geographical Journal. Semples writing style was a literary one and she was a fascinating lecturer, which encouraged interest in her work. In 1933, Semple disciple Charles C. Colby wrote about the impact of Semples Kentucky article, Probably this brief article has fired more American students to interest in geography than any other article ever written. There was a strong interest in Ratzels ideas in America so Ratzel encouraged Semple to make his ideas known to the English-speaking world. He asked that she translate his publications but Semple did not agree with Ratzels idea of the organic state so she decided to publish her own book based on his ideas. American History and Its Geographic Conditions was published in 1903. It gained wide acclaim and was still required reading in many geography departments across the United States in the 1930s. Continue to Page Two Her Career Takes Off The publication of her first book launched Semples career. In 1904, she became one of the forty-eight charter members of the Association of American Geographers, under the presidency of William Morris Davis. That same year she was appointed Associate Editor of the Journal of Geography, a position she retained until 1910. In 1906, she was recruited by the countrys first Department of Geography, at the University of Chicago. (The Department of Geography at the University of Chicago was established in 1903.) She remained affiliated with the University of Chicago until 1924 and taught there in alternating years. Semples second major book was published in 1911. Influences of Geographic Environment further expounded on Semples environmental deterministic viewpoint. She felt that climate and geographic location was the major cause of a persons actions. In the book, she cataloged countless examples to prove her point. For example, she reported that those who live in mountain passes are usually robbers. She provided case studies to prove her point but she didnt include or discuss counter examples that could prove her theory wrong. Semple was an academic of her era and while her ideas can be considered racist or exceedingly simple today, she opened up new arenas of thought within the discipline of geography. Later geographic thought rejected the simple cause and effect of Semples day. That same year, Semple and a few friends took a trip to Asia and visited Japan (for three months), China, the Philippines, Indonesia, and India. The trip provided a tremendous amount of fodder for additional articles and presentations over the next few years. In 1915, Semple developed her passion for the geography of the Mediterranean region and spent much of her time researching and writing about this portion of the world for the remainder of her life. In 1912, she taught geography at Oxford University and was a lecturer at Wellesley College, the University of Colorado, Western Kentucky University, and UCLA over the course of the next two decades. During World War I, Semple responded to the war effort as did most geographers by giving lectures to officers about the geography of the Italian front. After the war, she continued her teaching. In 1921, Semple was elected President of the Association of American Geographers and accepted a position as a Professor of Anthropogeography at Clark University, a position she held until her death. At Clark, she taught seminars to graduate students in the fall semester and spent the spring semester researching and writing. Throughout her academic career, she averaged one important paper or book each year. Later in Life The University of Kentucky honored Semple in 1923 with an honorary doctorate degree in law and established the Ellen Churchill Semple Room to house her private library. Stricken with a heart attack in 1929, Semple began to succumb to ill health. During this time she was working on her third important book - about the geography of the Mediterranean. Following a lengthy hospital stay, she was able to move to a home adjacent to Clark University and with the help of a student, she published Geography of the Mediterranean Region in 1931. She moved from Worcester, Massachusetts (the location of Clark University) to the warmer climate of Ashevlle, North Carolina in late 1931 in an attempt to restore her health. Doctors there recommend an even milder climate and lower elevation so a month later she moved to West Palm Beach, Florida. She died in West Palm Beach on May 8, 1932 and was buried at the Cave Hill Cemetery in her hometown of Louisville, Kentucky. A few months after her death, the Ellen C. Semple School was dedicated in Louisville, Kentucky. Semple School is still in existence today. The University of Kentucky Geography Department hosts an Ellen Churchill Semple Day every spring to honor the discipline of geography and its accomplishments. Despite Carl Sauers assertion that Semple was a mere American mouthpiece for her German master, Ellen Semple was a prolific geographer who served the discipline well and succeeded despite tremendous obstacles for her gender in the halls of academia. She definitely deserves to be recognized for her contribution to the advancement of geography.

Emmy Noether, Mathematician

Emmy Noether, Mathematician Born in Germany and named Amalie Emmy Noether, she was known as Emmy. Her father was a mathematics professor at the University of Erlangen and her mother was from a wealthy family. Emmy Noether studied arithmetic and languages but was not permitted as a girl to enroll in the college preparatory school, the gymnasium. Her graduation qualified her to teach French and English in girls schools, apparently her career intention but then she changed her mind and decided she wanted to study mathematics at the university level. Known for: work in abstract algebra, especially ring theory Dates:  March 23, 1882 - April 14, 1935 Also known as:  Amalie Noether, Emily Noether, Amelie Noether University of Erlangen To enroll in a university, she had to get the permission of the professors to take an entrance exam she did and she passed, after sitting in on mathematics lectures at the University of Erlangen. She was then allowed to audit courses first at the University of Erlangen and then the University of Gà ¶ttingen, neither of which would permit a woman to attend classes for credit. Finally, in 1904, the University of Erlangen decided to permit women to enroll as regular students, and Emmy Noether returned there. Her dissertation in algebraic math earned her a doctorate  summa cum laude  in 1908. For seven years, Noether worked at the University of Erlangen without any salary, sometimes acting as a substitute lecturer for her father when he was ill. In 1908 she was invited to join the Circolo Matematico di Palermo and in 1909 to join the German Mathematical Society but she still could not obtain a paying position at a University in Germany. Gà ¶ttingen In 1915, Emmy Noethers mentors, Felix Klein and David Hilbert, invited her to join them at the Mathematical Institute in Gà ¶ttingen, again without compensation. There, she pursued important mathematical work that confirmed key parts of the general theory of relativity. Hilbert continued to work to get Noether accepted as a faculty member at Gà ¶ttingen, but he was unsuccessful against the cultural and official biases against women scholars. He was able to allow her to lecture in his own courses, and without salary. In 1919 she won the right to be a privatdozent   she could teach students, and they would pay her directly, but the university did not pay her anything. In 1922, the University gave her a position as an adjunct professor with a small salary and no tenure or benefits. Emmy Noether was a popular teacher with the students. She was seen as warm and enthusiastic. Her lectures were participatory, demanding that students help work out the mathematics being studied. Emmy Noethers work in the 1920s on ring theory and ideals was foundational in abstract algebra. Her work earned her enough recognition that she was invited as a visiting professor in 1928-1929 at the University of Moscow and in 1930 at the University of Frankfurt. America Though she was never able to gain a regular faculty position at Gà ¶ttingen, she was one of many Jewish faculty members who was purged by the Nazis in 1933. In America, the Emergency Committee to Aid Displaced German Scholars obtained for Emmy Noether an offer of a professorship at Bryn Mawr College in America, and they paid, with the Rockefeller Foundation, her first years salary. The grant was renewed for two more years in 1934. This was the first time that Emmy Noether was paid a full professors salary and accepted as a full faculty member. But her success was not to last long. In 1935, she developed complications from an operation to remove a uterine tumor, and she died shortly after, on April 14. After World War II ended, the University of Erlangen honored her memory, and in that city, a co-ed gymnasium specializing in math was named for her. Her ashes are buried near Bryn Mawrs Library. Quote If one proves the equality of two numbers a and b by showing first that a is less than or equal to b and then a is greater than or equal to b, it is unfair, one should instead show that they are really equal by disclosing the inner ground for their equality. About Emmy Noether, by Lee Smolin: The connection between symmetries and conservation laws is one of the great discoveries of twentieth century physics . But I think very few non-experts will have heard either of it or its maker - Emily Noether, a great German mathematician. But it is as essential to twentieth century physics as famous ideas like the impossibility of exceeding the speed of light.It is not difficult to teach Noethers theorem, as it is called; there is a beautiful and intuitive idea behind it. Ive explained it every time Ive taught introductory physics. But no textbook at this level mentions it. And without it one does not really understand why the world is such that riding a bicycle is safe. Print Bibliography Dick, Auguste.Emmy Noether: 1882-1935. 1980.  ISBN: 0817605193

The Social Contract Theory and Animals Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Social Contract Theory and Animals - Essay Example This essay stresses that human beings have no known form of direct duty to the animals. Only an individual who has a moral duty cannot be able to have a moral obligation. From the above understanding, animals have no moral duty and hence, no moral obligation. Both human beings and animals would have interest but the interests of human beings in the social contract theory override those of the animals. As such, if the human beings have an interest to kill and eat animals, that interest would be morally justified and it would override the interests that animals have to stay alive. No morals would have been broken in this case. This paper makes a conclusion that only rational beings can be in a position to enter into a social contract. Those beings that are not rational, that is the animals, lack this standing. The rational beings have moral duties and responsibilities that they are required to adhere to. On the contract, animals lack these moral duties and responsibilities. It would, therefore, be proper to argued that animals have no moral standing whatsoever and they cannot take part in a social contract. The form of protection given to human beings under the social contract by the government cannot possibly be given to the animals as well. The animals are still in a state of nature and they have no moral values guiding their day to day activities.

Solitary Effects Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Solitary Effects - Essay Example The Male Dominance Effect Introduction In Chapter 12 of The Second Sex entitled ‘The Woman in Love’, the author gives a description of how women love inside and outside marriage or, in essence, how they want to be loved by their partners. As argued by Cecile Sauvage: â€Å"When the woman loves, she must forget her own personality. This is a law of nature. A woman does not exist without a master. Without a master, she is a scattered bouquet† (De Beauvoir 683). This statement suggests that women in intimate relationships want to be dominated or, in essence, they are attracted to dominant men. This research paper will examine this prevailing idea that women are attracted to dominant men. More particularly, this paper will try to answer the following questions: (1) Do women prefer dominant men as husbands? (2) Do women prefer to be dominated by their male partners? In order to answer the abovementioned questions secondary literature will be reviewed, particularly empi rical studies related to the topic. Essentially, the objective of this paper is to determine whether women themselves prefer to be dominated by their male partner or that they simply do not have a choice. De Beauvoir (2012) herself investigates how women strengthen their own subordination to male dominance. According to her, mystics, women in love, and narcissists accept their existence by inundating their self with an outside object, such as God or a spouse. De Beauvoir cites examples of women being blameworthy for their inferior position relative to men, especially in relation to marriage. The complexity of cutting loose from ‘femininity’, or from giving up comfort and security for an unpromising concept of equality, encourages numerous women to embrace the traditional, unrewarding domestic tasks of motherhood and wifehood. From the start of her analysis, de Beauvoir outlines the economic forces of women inferiority, as well as the economic causes of female emancipati on. Women can gain independence only through work. If they can be self-sufficient, provide independently for their own needs, they can also attain a kind of liberation. In the final sections of his book, de Beauvoir talks about the structural barriers women confronts in trying to achieve this objective. Male Dominance: What it really means for women? Numerous social scientists have made a prediction that women’s inclination to prefer dominant men as partners will vanish once they gain higher social standing and economic autonomy; specifically, once self-sufficient women no longer have to get resources and status through their male partners, such female tendencies will become less widespread. However, this is not taking place (Townsend 150). Women with greater resources have a tendency to improve their socioeconomic status for partners. The more determined, single-minded, expressive, and education woman is, the more she wants to be respected by her male partner. For instance, when asked what they want for a male partner, most of the women interviewed admitted they prefer a man who is dominant, someone they could respect and look up to. When asked why they need such protection from a male partner, they were uncertain and stated it was simply an irrational want. These women said they knew they would have enough resources, and they do not hope a man would safeguard them from any actual threat. However, they admitted that having a male partner they really respected would give

Manti TeO Case Essay Example for Free

Manti TeO Case Essay By having read the comprising articles and the reader comments on the college football player Manti Te’o, this issue has many different meanings to many different readers. And as Gail Collins stated, â€Å"All I can say is, the story tells you a lot†, this open ended story clearly does give off a large amount of information and arouses a series of questions that anyone would hope to have answered for a better understanding. To me, this issue comes off as confusing, disturbing, and at the same time wretched. Even though Te’o had explained that he was hoaxed, I still am confused to what I believe. For some reason, I feel as though he has something to do with the person that has been hoaxing him all this time to make him not look completely foolish. In order for someone to accept to be in an online relationship, they must be absolutely desperate or grasping for a lot of attention. Especially because this is becoming a problem with someone like Manti Te’o is just puzzling. From someone who is a senior at Notre Dame College, and more than likely having dealt with a wide variety of different situations, anyone would think he would have had more common sense to go along with something like this. That is why most individuals, including me, can give a long explanation to why we are confused. After reading these articles, a different question popped up in my head after every sentence and this situation would be a lot more understandable if they were answered. To make a fake profile, and to use it as a way to make another individual feel sorrow for you is just alarming. It is incredible that today’s society has people that stimulate and have to deal with situations like this one. The fact that you can be in an extremely serious relationship over the internet, without ever meeting face to face, and knowing that Manti Te’o is one of the very many makes this society even more provoking. You hear about these types of issues more and more as time progresses. This issue is wretched because it is what today’s society is evolving to and society makes it okay for issues like this to occur. Television shows, social networking sites, magazines, and movies are putting ideas in people’s head and allowing them to think these types of occurrences are okay to perform. It is just absolutely terrible because issues like this are going to continue to occur because no one is attempting to put an end to it and people seem to be just falling into these types of pits more frequently. Consequently, if this situation was to teach anything, it was that our society has a lot ahead of us. Anyone can be a phony, everything in a way can be unreliable, and people need to realize this is become a truly large struggle. Gail Collins statement â€Å"All I can say is, the story tells you a lot† is an understatement. This story tells you much more than a lot and it tells you exa ctly what our future is beginning to become.

DBS - DIRECTV and DISH Network :: essays papers

DBS - DIRECTV and DISH Network Remember when Cable TV came into the picture and began bullying around the network stations for all their lunch money? Well watch out Cable because you might get a little taste of your own Medicine from a powerful extra terrestrial,... satellite that is. A multi-channel alternative to cable television known as Direct Broadcast Satellite (DBS) is now available in theUnited States of America and boy is it ready to rock. DBS provides picture perfect cable-like television programming directly from satellite dishes approximately 18 inches in diameter. Millions of households now subscribe to DBS services resulting in what appears to have the cable industry wondering what’s going to happen. Cable was introduced in the late 1940’s in the â€Å"boone docks† of Pennsylvania when it’s original name was known as CATV, or Comunity Antenna TV. During this time there were only a few stations and in order to even recieve any picture, a TV set had to be in the vacintaty of antenna where a signal could be recieved. Anyone with a TV who lived to far from the antenna would be crap out of luck. Finally an appliance store owner named John Walson hooked up an antenna to a nearby mountain where he recieved a signal from the cities transitter and wired it down to his store for a good picture. When his clients witnessed that good picture could be brought to their area, John Walson’s TV sales went up drastically. From then on cable started multiplying like horny â€Å"GREMLINS† and â€Å"GOONIES†. In the past cable’s main purpose was to bring network stations to the rural areas. Today cable is capable of carrying hundreds of channels and is the leading source in TV programming with over 60 million subscribers and tons of diverse programming. Before it was all networks like ABC, NBC, CBS, and FOX that could be seen on TV. They led the way for a while until cable came along. Today with help from satellites, 24 hour sports(ESPN) and movie(HBO) programming is availible in most cable packages and that was the main reason why cable became so popular. It’s been over 50 years of success for cable, but with the turn of the century coming, what kind of future does cable have with these new media technologies on the rise?

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Pressure switch |[pic][pi| |c] | A pressure responsive switch senses a change in pressure and responds to such changes by alternately making and breaking an electrical connection. Pressure-sensitive switches are used in a variety of applications where it is desired to switch apparatus on or off at predetermined pressures. These switches are utilized in a wide variety of applications, as in automobiles [pic] , aircrafts and in various other environments. Pressure switches include set-point pressure switches that actuate when a specified pressure is reached and pressure measuring switches that are capable of measuring the ambient pressure and reacting accordingly. A pressure responsive switch generally comprises a diaphragm responsive to a pressure change, a rigid ring for securing the diaphragm, and a pair of electrically conductive contacts that break contact based on movement of the diaphragm. Mechanical pressure switches typically provide an output signal in the form of a switch closure in response to application of mechanical or atmospheric pressure. A differential pressure switch [pic] is a device which utilizes differential fluid pressure from low and high pressure sources to actuate an electric switch at a pre-set actuation point. Differential pressure switches are commonly employed to control the operation of snap action switches. Flow switch |[pic][pi| |c] | A flow switch is used to sense the flow of a fluid passing through its valve body and to send an electrical control signal to control the switching unit. In many applications, it is essential to be able to determine whether fluid is flowing in a pipeline, duct or other conduit and to respond accordingly to such a determination. For example, flow responsive devices for producing a control signal which is used to de-energize a pump when the flow rate falls below a preselected minimum are commonly employed in systems for transferring fluid between reservoirs. Fluid flow switch sensing devices have been developed for monitoring fluid flow in pipelines, ducts, and other conduits. A flow switch produces an electrical signal which is commensurate with a preselected rate of flow of a fluid in a conduit. Various flow switches have been developed to be responsive to the flow rate of a fluid within a flow line. Usually the flow switch is connected into the flow line so that the flow path of the fluid passes through the flow switch. Several such devices rely on the pivotal movement of a rod supported blade which is deflected depending on the amount of fluid flow. Limit switch |[pic][pi| c] | Switches are commonly employed as input devices to indicate the presence or absence of a particular condition in a system or process that is being monitored and/or controlled. In motorized electromechanical systems, limit switches provide the function of making and breaking electrical contacts and consequently electrical circuits. A limit switch is configured to detect when a system's element has moved to a certain position. A system operation is triggered when a limit switch is tripped. Limit switches are widely used in various industrial applications, and they can detect a limit of movement of an article and passage of an article by displacement of an actuating part such as a pivotally supported arm or a linear plunger. The limit switches are designed to control the movement of a mechanical part. Limit switches are typically utilized in industrial control applications to automatically monitor and indicate whether the travel limits of a particular device have been exceeded. Level switch |[pic][pi| |c] | Various instruments have found use for applications requiring level sensing. Such instruments include float level switches, ultrasonic level switches and capacitance point level switches. Various devices have been proposed for indicating when liquid or other fluent material in a container or channel reaches a particular level. Liquid level sensors are used in a wide variety of applications to detect the levels of fluids within various forms of reservoirs. For example, such sensors are employed in the automotive industry to sense the level of oil in an oil pan or sump, or the level of transmission fluid. Liquid level sensors contain switches to indicate whether a sensed liquid is above or below a predetermined level. Switches responsive to fluid levels have utilized a variety of approaches for opening and closing an electrical circuit. Fluid level switch devices usually incorporate a float buoy for sensing the fluid level, the float buoy being operatively connected to a switch device. Temperature switch |[pic][pi| |c] | A temperature switch is a switch that is responsive to temperature changes. Temperature switches generally are provided with a temperature responsive element which will open or close a switch when a predetermined minimum pressure or temperature is sensed by the responsive element. For protection against thermal overload, semiconductor switches are provided with integrated temperature sensors. The temperature sensors acquire the temperature of the power switch and convert this into a temperature-dependent, analog signal which then can be interpreted in a circuit. Temperature sensitive switches, such as a thermostat, typically comprise a temperature sensor which is used to open or close electrical contacts at specified temperatures. A bimetal strip of dissimilar metals is used as the sensing element for temperature sensitive switches. Temperature sensitive switches are often used for thermal protection purposes. If a device gets too hot, the temperature sensitive switch opens the electrical circuit, thereby eliminating power to the circuit. For example, temperature responsive tip-switches are particularly useful in connection with electric heaters.

Ashoka the Great

Ashoka From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia â€Å"Asoka† redirects here. For other uses, see  Ashoka (disambiguation). |Ashoka the Great | |Mauryan  Samrat | |[pic] | |A Chakravatin (possibly Ashoka) first century BC/CE.Andhra Pradesh, | |Amaravati. Preserved at Musee Guimet | |Reign |273-232 BC | |Coronation |270 BC | |Full name |Ashoka Bindusara Maurya | |Titles |Samrat.Other titles include Devanampriya Priyadarsi, | | |Dhammarakhit, Dharmarajika, Dhammarajika, Dhammaradnya, | | |Chakravartin, Samrat, Radnyashreshtha, Magadhrajshretha, | | |Magadharajan, Bhupatin, Mauryaraja, Aryashok, Dharmashok, | | |Dhammashok, Asokvadhhan , Ashokavardhan, | | |Prajapita,Dhammanayak, Dharmanayak | |Born |304 BC | |Birthplace |Pataliputra,  Patna | |Died |232 BC (aged 72) | |Place of death |Pataliputra,  Patna | |Buried |Ashes immersed in theGanges  River, possibly | | |atVaranasi,  Cremated  232 BC, less than 24 hours after death | |Predecessor |Bindusara | |Successor |Dasa ratha Maurya | |Consort |Maharani Devi | |Wives |Rani  Tishyaraksha | | |Rani  Padmavati | | |Rani  Kaurwaki | |Offspring |Mahendra,Sanghamitra,Teevala, Kunala | |Royal House |Mauryan dynasty | |Father |Bindusara | |Mother |Rani Dharma or Shubhadrangi | |Religious |Buddhism,Humanism | |beliefs | | Ashoka  (Devanagari: ,  IAST:  Asoka,  IPA:  [a o? k? , 304–232 BC), popularly known as  Ashoka the Great, was an  Indian  emperor  of the  Maurya Dynasty  who ruled almost all of the  Indian subcontinent  from 269 BC to 232 BC. One of India's greatest emperors, Ashoka reigned over most of present-day India after a number of military conquests. His empire stretched from present-dayPakistan,  Afghanistan  in the west, to the present-day  Bangladesh  and the Indian state of  Assam  in the east, and as far south as northern  Kerala  andAndhra. He conquered the kingdom named  Kalinga, which no one in his dynasty had conquered starting f rom  Chandragupta Maurya. His reign was headquartered in  Magadha  (present-day  Bihar, India). 1]He embraced  Buddhism  from the prevalentVedic  tradition after witnessing the mass deaths of the  war of Kalinga, which he himself had waged out of a desire for conquest. He was later dedicated to the propagation of Buddhism across  Asia  and established monuments marking several significant sites in the life of  Gautama Buddha. Ashoka was a devotee of  ahimsa  (nonviolence),  love,  truth,tolerance  and  vegetarianism. Ashoka is remembered in history as a  philanthropicadministrator. In the  history of India  Ashoka is referred to as  Samraat  Chakravartin  Ashoka- the Emperor of Emperors  Ashoka. His name â€Å"asoka† means â€Å"without sorrow† inSanskrit  (a= no/without, soka= sorrow or worry).In his  edicts, he is referred to as Devanampriya (Devanagari: )/Devana? iya  or â€Å"The Beloved Of The Gods†, an d Priyadarsin (Devanagari: )/Piyadassi  or â€Å"He who regards everyone with affection†. Another title of his is Dhamma (prakrit: ), â€Å"Lawful, Religious, Righteous†. Renowned  British  author and  social critic  H. G. Wells  in his bestselling two-volume work,  The Outline of History  (1920), wrote of emperor Ashoka: In the history of the world there have been thousands of kings and emperors who called themselves ‘their highnesses,' ‘their majesties,' and ‘their exalted majesties' and so on. They shone for a brief moment, and as quickly disappeared. But Ashoka shines and shines brightly like a bright star, even unto this day.Along with the  Edicts of Ashoka, his legend is related in the later second century  Asokavadana(â€Å"Narrative of Asoka†) and  Divyavadana  (â€Å"Divine narrative†), and in the  Sri Lankan  text  Mahavamsa(â€Å"Great Chronicle†). After two thousand years, the influence of Ashoka is seen in  Asia  and especially the  Indian subcontinent. An emblem excavated from his empire is today the national  Emblem of India. In the  History of Buddhism  Ashoka is considered just afterGautama Buddha. |Contents | |  [show] | Biography Early life |[pic] |This article  needs additional  citations  for  verification. | | |Please help  improve this article  by adding  reliable references.Unsourced | | |material may be  challenged  and  removed. (January 2009) | Ashoka was born to the  Mauryan  emperor  Bindusara  and his Queen ‘Dharma' (although she was a  Brahmin  or Shubhadrangi, she was undervalued as she wasn't of royal blood). Ashoka had several elder siblings (all half-brothers from other wives of Bindusara). He had just one younger sibling, Vitthashoka (a much loved brother from the same mother). Because of his exemplary intellect and warrior skills, he was said to have been the favorite of his grandfather  Chandragupta Maurya. As the legend goes, when Chandragupta Maurya left his empire for a  Jain  living, he threw his  sword  away. Ashoka ound the sword and kept it, in spite of his grandfather's warning. Ashoka, in his adolescence, was rude and naughty.He was a fearsome hunter. He was akshatriya  and was given all royal military trainings and other  Vedic  knowledge. According to a legend, he killed a Lion with just a wooden rod. Ashoka was very well known for his sword fighting. He was very adventurous and this made him a terrific fighter. Ashoka was a frightening warrior and a heartless general. Because of this quality he was sent to destroy the riot of  Avanti. Rise to power [pic] [pic] Maurya Empire  at the age of Ashoka. The empire stretched from  Iran  to  Bangladesh/Assam  and from  Central Asia  (Afganistan) to  Tamil Nadu/South India.Developing into an impeccable warrior general and a shrewd statesman, Ashoka went on to command several regim ents of the Mauryan army. His growing popularity across the empire made his elder brothers wary of his chances of being favored by  Bindusarato become the next emperor. The eldest of them,  Susima, the traditional heir to the throne, persuaded Bindusara to send Ashoka to quell an uprising inTaxshila, a city in the north-west District of Pakistani Punjab region, for which Prince Susima was the Governor. Taxshila was a highly volatile place because of the war-like Indo-Greek population and mismanagement by Susima himself. This had led to the formation of different militias causing unrest. Ashoka complied and left for the troubled area.As news of Ashoka's visit with his army trickled in, he was welcomed by the revolting militias and the uprising ended without a conflict. (The province revolted once more during the rule of Ashoka, but this time the uprising was crushed with an iron fist) Ashoka's success made his stepbrothers more wary of his intentions of becoming the emperor and m ore incitements from Susima led Bindusara to send Ashoka into exile. He went intoKalinga  and stayed there incognito. There he met a fisher woman named  Kaurwaki, with whom he fell in love. Recently found inscriptions indicate that she would later become either his second or third queen. Meanwhile, there was again a violent uprising in  Ujjain.Emperor Bindusara summoned Ashoka out of exile after two years. Ashoka went into Ujjain and in the ensuing battle was injured, but his generals quelled the uprising. Ashoka was treated in hiding so that loyalists of the Susima group could not harm him. He was treated by  Buddhist  monks and nuns. This is where he first learned the teachings of the  Buddha, and it is also where he met Devi, who was his personal nurse and the daughter of a merchant from adjacent Vidisha. After recovering, he married her. It was quite unacceptable to Bindusara that one of his sons should marry a Buddhist, so he did not allow Ashoka to stay in  Patal iputra  but instead sent him back to Ujjain and made him the governor of Ujjain.The following year passed quite peacefully for him, and Devi was about to deliver his first child. In the meanwhile, Emperor Bindusara died. As the news of the unborn heir to the throne spread, Prince Susima planned the execution of the unborn child; however, the assassin who came to kill Devi and her child killed his mother instead. Ashoka beheads his elder brother to ascend the throne. In this phase of his life, Ashoka was known for his unquenched thirst for wars and campaigns launched to conquer the lands of other rulers and became known as Chandashok (terrible Ashoka), the Sanskrit word  chanda  meaning cruel, fierce, or rude,  Chandi-devi being associated with  Kali.Ascending the throne, Ashoka expanded his empire over the next eight years, from the present-day boundaries and regions of  Burma–Bangladesh  and the state of  Assam  in India in the east to the territory of pres ent-day  Iran  /  Persia  and  Afghanistan  in the west; from the  Pamir  Knots in the north almost to the peninsular of  southern India  (i. e. Tamilnadu  /  Andhra pradesh). Conquest of Kalinga Main article:  Kalinga War While the early part of Ashoka's reign was apparently quite bloodthirsty, he became a follower of the  Buddha's teaching after his conquest of Kalinga on the east coast of India in the present-day state of  Orissa. Kalinga was a state that prided itself on its sovereignty and democracy. With its monarchical parliamentary democracy it was quite an exception in ancient Bharata where there existed the concept of  Rajdharma. Rajdharma means the duty of the rulers, which was intrinsically entwined with the concept of bravery and  Kshatriya  dharma.The pretext for the start of the  Kalinga War  (265 BC or 263 BC) is uncertain. One of Susima's brothers might have fled to Kalinga and found official refuge there. This enraged Ashoka immensely. He was advised by his ministers to attack Kalinga for this act of treachery. Ashoka then asked Kalinga's royalty to submit before his supremacy. When they defied this diktat, Ashoka sent one of his generals to Kalinga to make them submit. The general and his forces were, however, completely routed through the skilled tact of Kalinga's commander-in-chief. Ashoka, baffled at this defeat, attacked with the greatest invasion ever recorded in Indian history until then.Kalinga put up a stiff resistance, but they were no match for Ashoka's brutal strength. The whole of Kalinga was plundered and destroyed. Ashoka's later edicts state that about 100,000 people were killed on the Kalinga side and 10,000 from Ashoka's army. Thousands of men and women were deported. Buddhist conversion |[pic] |This article  needs additional  citations  for  verification. | | |Please help  improve this article  by adding  reliable references. Unsourced | | |material may be  challengedà ‚  and  removed. (March 2009) | [pic] [pic] A similar four â€Å"Indian lion† Lion Capital of Ashoka atop an ntact  Ashoka Pillar  at Wat U Mong near Chiang Mai,  Thailandshowing another larger  Dharma Chakra  /Ashoka Chakra  atop the four lions thought to be missing in the Lion Capital of Ashoka at  Sarnath Museum  which has been adopted as the  National Emblem of India. As the legend goes, one day after the war was over, Ashoka ventured out to roam the city and all he could see were burnt houses and scattered corpses. This sight made him sick and he cried the famous monologue: What have I done? If this is a victory, what's a defeat then? Is this a victory or a defeat? Is this justice or injustice? Is it gallantry or a rout? Is it valor to kill innocent children and women? Do I do it to widen the empire and for prosperity or to destroy the other's kingdom and splendor?One has lost her husband, someone else a father, someone a child, someone an unborn infa nt†¦. What's this debris of the corpses? Are these marks of victory or defeat? Are these vultures, crows, eagles the messengers of death or evil? The brutality of the conquest led him to adopt Buddhism and he used his position to propagate the relatively new religion to new heights, as far as ancient Rome and Egypt. He made Buddhism his state religion around 260 BC, and propagated it and preached it within his domain and worldwide from about 250 BC. Emperor Ashoka undoubtedly has to be credited with the first serious attempt to develop a Buddhist policy. [pic] [pic] Ashokan Pillar at  VaishaliProminent in this cause were his son VenerableMahindra  and daughter  Sanghamitra  (whose name means â€Å"friend of the Sangha†), who established Buddhism in Ceylon (now  Sri Lanka). He built thousands of Stupas and Viharas for Buddhist followers. The Stupas of Sanchi are world famous and the stupa named  Sanchi Stupa  was built by Emperor Ashoka. During the remaining portion of Ashoka's reign, he pursued an official policy of  nonviolence  (ahimsa). Even the unnecessary slaughter or mutilation of people was immediately abolished. Everyone became protected by the king's  law  against sport hunting and branding. Limited hunting was permitted for consumption reasons but Ashoka also promoted the concept of vegetarianism.Ashoka also showed mercy to those imprisoned, allowing them leave for the outside a day of the year. He attempted to raise the professional ambition of the common man by building universities for study, and water transit and irrigation systems for trade and agriculture. He treated his subjects as equals regardless of their religion, politics and caste. The kingdoms surrounding his, so easily overthrown, were instead made to be well-respected allies. He is acclaimed for constructing hospitals for animals and renovating major roads throughout India. After this transformation, Ashoka came to be known as Dhammashoka (Sanskrit), meaning Ashoka, the follower of Dharma.Ashoka defined the main principles of dharma (dhamma) as nonviolence, tolerance of all sects and opinions, obedience to parents, respect for the Brahmans and other religious teachers and priests, liberality towards friends, humane treatment of servants, and generosity towards all. These principles suggest a general ethic of behaviour to which no religious or social group could object. Some critics say that Ashoka was afraid of more wars, but among his neighbors, including theSeleucid Empire  and the Greco-Bactrian kingdom established by  Diodotus I, none could match his strength. He was a contemporary of both  Antiochus I Soter  and his successor  Antiochus II Theos  of the Seleucid dynasty as well as  Diodotus I  and his son  Diodotus II  of the Greco-Bactrian kingdom.If his inscriptions and edicts are well studied one finds that he was familiar with the Hellenic world but never in awe of it. His edicts, which talk of frien dly relations, give the names of both Antiochus of the Seleucid empire and  Ptolemy III  of  Egypt. The fame of theMauryan  empire was widespread from the time that Ashoka's grandfather  Chandragupta Mauryadefeated  Seleucus Nicator, the founder of the Seleucid Dynasty. [pic] [pic] Stupa of  Sanchi. The source of much of our knowledge of Ashoka is the many inscriptions he had carved on pillars and rocks throughout the empire. Emperor Ashoka is known as Piyadasi (in  Pali) or Priyadarshi (in  Sanskrit) meaning â€Å"good looking† or â€Å"favored by the gods with good blessing†.All his inscriptions have the imperial touch and show compassionate loving. He addressed his people as his â€Å"children†. These inscriptions promoted Buddhist morality and encouraged nonviolence and adherence to Dharma (duty or proper behavior), and they talk of his fame and conquered lands as well as the neighboring kingdoms holding up his might. One also gets some pri mary information about the Kalinga War and Ashoka's allies plus some useful knowledge on the civil administration. The Ashoka Pillar at  Sarnath  is the most popular of the relics left by Ashoka. Made of sandstone, this pillar records the visit of the emperor to Sarnath, in the third century BC.It has a four-lion capital (four lions standing back to back) which was adopted as the emblem of the modern Indian republic. The lion symbolizes both Ashoka's imperial rule and the kingship of the  Buddha. In translating these monuments, historians learn the bulk of what is assumed to have been true fact of the Mauryan Empire. It is difficult to determine whether or not some actual events ever happened, but the stone etchings clearly depict how Ashoka wanted to be thought of and remembered. Ashoka's own words as known from his  Edicts  are: â€Å"All men are my children. I am like a father to them. As every father desires the good and the happiness of his children, I wish that all men should be happy always. Edward D'Cruz interprets the Ashokan dharma as a â€Å"religion to be used as a symbol of a new imperial unity and a cementing force to weld the diverse and heterogeneous elements of the empire†. Also, in the Edicts, Ashoka mentions Hellenistic kings of the period as converts to Buddhism, although no Hellenic historical record of this event remain: The conquest by  Dharma  has been won here, on the borders, and even six hundred  yojanas  (5,400–9,600 km) away, where the Greek king  Antiochos  rules, beyond there where the four kings named  Ptolemy,  Antigonos,  Magas  andAlexander  rule, likewise in the south among the  Cholas, the  Pandyas, and as far as  Tamraparni  (Sri Lanka). —Edicts of Ashoka,  Rock Edict  13 (S. Dhammika)Ashoka also claims that he encouraged the development of  herbal medicine, for human and nonhuman animals, in their territories: Everywhere within Beloved-of-the-Gods, King P iyadasi's [Ashoka's] domain, and among the people beyond the borders, the  Cholas, the  Pandyas, the Satiyaputras, the Keralaputras, as far as  Tamraparni  and where the Greek king  Antiochos  rules, and among the kings who are neighbors of Antiochos, everywhere has Beloved-of-the-Gods, King Piyadasi, made provision for two types of medical treatment: medical treatment for humans and medical treatment for animals. Wherever medical herbs suitable for humans or animals are not available, I have had them imported and grown.Wherever medical roots or fruits are not available I have had them imported and grown. Along roads I have had wells dug and trees planted for the benefit of humans and animals. —Edicts of Ashoka,  Rock Edict  2 The Greeks in India even seem to have played an active role in the propagation of Buddhism, as some of the emissaries of Ashoka, such as  Dharmaraksita, are described in  Pali  sources as leading Greek (Yona) Buddhist monks, active in spreading Buddhism (the  Mahavamsa, XII[2]). Death and legacy Ashoka ruled for an estimated forty years. After his death, the Mauryan dynasty lasted just fifty more years. Ashoka had many wives and children, but many of their names are lost to time.Mahindra  and  Sanghamitra  were twins born by his first wife, Devi, in the city of  Ujjain. He had entrusted to them the job of making his state religion, Buddhism, more popular across the known and the unknown world. Mahindra  and  Sanghamitra  went into  Sri Lanka  and converted the King, the Queen and their people to Buddhism. They were naturally not handling state affairs after him. In his old age, he seems to have come under the spell of his youngest wife  Tishyaraksha. It is said that she had got his son  Kunala, the regent in  Takshashila, blinded by a wily  stratagem. The official executioners spared Kunala and he became a wandering singer accompanied by his favourite wife  Kanchanmala.In  Pata liputra, Ashoka hears Kunala's song, and realizes that Kunala's misfortune may have been a punishment for some past sin of the emperor himself and condemns Tishyaraksha to death, restoring Kunala to the court. Kunala was succeeded by his son,  Samprati, but his rule did not last long after Ashoka's death. The reign of Ashoka Maurya could easily have disappeared into history as the ages passed by, and would have had he not left behind a record of his trials. The testimony of this wise king was discovered in the form of magnificently sculpted pillars and boulders with a variety of actions and teachings he wished to be published etched into the stone.What Ashoka left behind was the first written language in India since the ancient city of  Harappa. The language used for inscription was the then current spoken form called  Prakrit. In the year 185 BC, about fifty years after Ashoka's death, the last Maurya ruler,  Brhadrata, was assassinated by the commander-in-chief of the Maur yan armed forces,  Pusyamitra Sunga, while he was taking the Guard of Honor of his forces. Pusyamitra Sunga founded the  Sunga dynasty(185 BC-78 BC) and ruled just a fragmented part of the Mauryan Empire. Many of the northwestern territories of the Mauryan Empire (modern-day Iran, Afghanistan and Pakistan) became the  Indo-Greek Kingdom.When India gained independence from the  British Empire  it adopted Ashoka's emblem for its own, placing the  Dharmachakra  (The Wheel of Righteous Duty) that crowned his many columns on the  flag  of the newly independent state. In 1992, Ashoka was ranked #53 on  Michael H. Hart's  list of the most influential figures in history. In 2001, a semi-fictionalized portrayal of Ashoka's life was produced as a motion picture under the title  Asoka. King Ashoka, the third monarch of the Indian Mauryan dynasty, has come to be regarded as one of the most exemplary rulers in world history. The British historian H. G. Wells has written: â€Å"Amidst the tens of thousands of names of monarchs that crowd the columns of history †¦ the name of Asoka shines, and shines almost alone, a star. â€Å"

Charlotte Perkins Gilman Essays - Beecher Family, Free Essays

Charlotte Perkins Gilman Essays - Beecher Family, Free Essays Charlotte Perkins Gilman Good 1 Charlotte Perkins Gilman experienced astonishing success during her life. When she died in 1935, she left behind a legacy of ingenious writing. Charlotte Perkins Gilman was one of the leading intellectuals of the American womens movement in the first two decades of the 20th century (Gilman, The Living of Charlotte Perkins Gilman). Her literary works explore the minds of remarkable and courageous women. Charlotte Perkins Gilman left an impression on society not only through her brilliant writings and social reforms, but also in her own perseverance in overcoming personal hardships. Charlotte was born into the prominent Beecher family (Gilman 3). In fact, the illustrious Harriet Beecher Stowe was a great-aunt (3). Charlotte grew up with pride in her family. She recalls When about fifteen years old I was told of our extremely remote connection with English royalty and I wrote eagerly to my learned father to inquire as to the facts- was I related to Queen Victoria? (1). However, her father solemnly replied, It is quite true that you are related to Queen Victoria, but there are a great many persons between you and the throne and I should not advise you to look forward to it (1). Despite her legendary family ties, Charlottes childhood was filled with pain, uncertainty, and rejection. Her father abandoned his family shortly after her birth (Lane 3). While a young woman, she suffered through a bad marriage that caused her to endure a nervous breakdown (3). It was during this time that Charlotte encountered her first bout with depression; there were many battles to follow (3). Thus, within the formative years of her young life, Charlotte suffered immeasurable pain and agony at the hands of males. This may possible be a motive behind her works based around strong female characters. Throughout her early life, it was apparent that Charlotte was an extremely strong-willed girl. At the age of sixteen or seventeen she perceived herself as having no character to be especially proud of: impressionable, vacillating, sensitive, uncontrolled, often loafing and lazy (Lane 57). However, she was determined to change herself into a disciplined, controlled person. Charlotte, an extremely intelligent child, was not able to consistently attend school until the age of thirteen. Living in poverty for most of her life, Charlotte was only able to attend school after the death of a great-aunt who left her an inheritance. Although her teachers were impressed with her aptitude, they soon became frustrated with her resistance to routines that restricted her imagination (59). Charlotte longed to be different. She was driven to defy conditional notions of what young girls should be. Dr. Studley, a teacher who instructed Charlotte in hygiene, became particularly influential (59). Charlott e instantly converted to a regime of cold baths, exercise, fresh air, and dress reform (59). She became caught up in the physical culture movement of the late nineteenth century. In a culture that valued frailty in women, Charlotte took delight and pleasure in her robust health and her strong body (59). Much of Charlottes late adolescence was spent nursing her ill mother. She describes her mother as being the disciplinarian and this caused problems between the two of them (Gilman 12). Charlotte complained that her mother was so rigorous in refusing all manner of invitations for me I was denied so often (Lane 60-61). Her mothers denials protected her from entering the adult world of men, relationships, and love. Charlotte soon, however, entered this world when she was married to Charles Walter Stetson (Gilman 82). In her autobiography, she discusses her mixed emotions regarding Mr. Stetson and marriage. She says, my mind was not fully clear as to whether I should marry. On the one hand I knew it was normal and right in general, and held that a woman should be able to have marriage and motherhood and do her work in the world (83). However, there were more cynical times when Charlotte expresses I felt strongly that for me it was not right, that the nature of the life before me forbade it, that I ought to forego the more intimate personal happiness for complete devotion to my work (83). Despite her doubts, the two were married in May of 1884.

A Guide to Using the TClientDataSet in Delphi Applications

A Guide to Using the TClientDataSet in Delphi Applications Looking for a single-file, single-user database for your next Delphi application? Need to store some application specific data but dont want to use  the Registry / INI / or something else? Delphi offers a native solution: The TClientDataSet component located on the Data Access tab of the component palette represents an in-memory database-independent dataset. Whether you use client datasets for file-based data, caching updates, data from an external provider (such as working with an XML document or in a multi-tiered application), or a combination of these approaches in a briefcase model application, take advantage of the  broad range of features that client datasets support. Delphi Datasets A ClientDataSet in Every Database ApplicationLearn the basic behavior of the ClientDataSet, and encounter an argument for the extensive use of ClientDataSets in most database applications. Defining a ClientDataSets Structure Using FieldDefsWhen creating a ClientDataSets memory store on-the-fly, you must explicitly define the structure of your table. This article shows you how to do it at both runtime and design-time using FieldDefs. Defining a ClientDataSets Structure Using TFieldsThis article demonstrates how to define a ClientDataSets structure at both design-time and runtime using TFields. Methods to create virtual and nested dataset fields are also demonstrated. Understanding ClientDataSet IndexesA ClientDataSet does not obtain its indexes from the data it loads. Indexes, if you want them, must be explicitly defined. This article shows you how to do this at design-time or runtime. Navigating and Editing a ClientDataSetYou navigate and edit a ClientDataSet in a manner similar to how you navigate and edit almost any  other dataset. This article provides an introductory look at basic ClientDataSet navigation and editing. Searching a ClientDataSetClientDataSets provide several different mechanisms for searching for data in its columns. These techniques are covered in this continuation of the discussion of basic ClientDataSet manipulation. Filtering ClientDataSetsWhen applied to a dataset, a filter limits the records that are accessible. This article explores the ins-and-outs of filtering ClientDataSets. ClientDataSet Aggregates and GroupStateThis article describes how to use aggregates to calculate simple statistics, as well as how to use group state to improve your user interfaces. Nesting DataSets in ClientDataSetsA nested dataset is a dataset within a dataset. By nesting one dataset inside another, you can reduce your overall storage needs, increase the efficiency of network communications and simplify data operations. Cloning ClientDatSet CursorsWhen you clone a ClientDataSets cursor, you create not only an additional pointer to a shared memory store but also an independent view of the data. This article shows you how to use this important capability Deploying Applications that use ClientDataSetsIf you use one or more ClientDataSets you may need to deploy one or more libraries, in addition to your applications executable. This article describes when and how to deploy them. Creative Solutions Using ClientDataSetsClientDataSets can be used for much more than displaying rows and columns from a database. See how they solve application problems including selecting options to process, displaying progress messages and creating audit trails for data changes.

Global Operation and Risks Management Study of Britvic Group Plc (Ro) Essay

Global Operation and Risks Management Study of Britvic Group Plc (Ro) - Essay Example With the strong position of the company in the beverage industry, this report assesses the financial position of the company and risk management systems employed by the Britvic. Comparative assessment of the performance of the company is gauged by developing comparative competitors’ analysis (Pinto, et al., 2010), and ratio based assessment (Fabozzi, and Peterson, 2013). The analysis of the leading competitors concluded that Britvic is comparatively small player as compared to the competitors: Above graphical presentation reflects that Britvic’s share is only 9% of the market but stands on second in a row and Nichols Plc dominate in terms of revenue. However, with respect to EPS performance SabMiller is leading the position and Britvic is pushed last position. Despite limited share as compared to the competitors, the company has improved its performance by controlling operating cost. The net income improved from  £61.9 m in 2013 to  £ 89.7m 2014 (Britivic, 2014c). Given below is the five years trend of the revenue: The revenue fluctuated due to the Fruite’ Enterprise, the recall of the acquisition of Fruit Shoot, and the impact of the recovery measures taken in the subsequent years (Daneshkhu, 2014; Britvic, 2013). In addition, rising operating and net profit is the impact of the cost control programs. The balance sheet has shown mixed trends implying that Britvic is inclined in maintaining the capital structure; except 2010 in which company performance could not offset the losses from retained earnings. Similar movement between the short term and the long term assets is reported as company does not excessively stick capital in any short or long term assets. Company has issued debt of  £105.8 million for the expansion of Fruit Shoot the USA and of operations in India. In addition to this investment of  £40m was done to for achieving costs saving of  £30m by the end of (2016 Britvic, 2013). Net Profit Margin: As the name implies, net